EC

Emergency contraception (EC), more commonly known as the ‘morning after pill’ or ‘Plan B’, is a medicine taken after unprotected intercourse to prevent pregnancy. These pills may also be taken in case of failure of or incorrect use of contraceptives and in cases of sexual assault. It usually has to be taken within 72 hours of having sex, though a new medicine is now available which can be taken within 5 days. However, the sooner EC is taken, the better your chances are of preventing an unwanted pregnancy. Also, EC will only prevent pregnancy from occurring; it is not an abortion pill designed to end a pregnancy. 

The EC recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) is a dose of levonorgestrel (1.5mg), which has to be used within 5 days of having unprotected sex. A woman may also choose to take this in two doses (0.75mg each) 12 hours apart. Another form of EC is the copper bearing intrauterine device, which also has to be inserted within 5 days. 

Levonorgestrel pills are considered safe for use by the WHO. They do not harm an already developing embryo, cause abortion, or produce any future fertility problems. Side effects are not very common and are often mild. These may include headaches, fatigue, changes in menstrual bleeding or date, nausea, and vomiting. 

Frequent use of emergency contraception pills is strongly discouraged though, as they are not intended as regular birth control. A woman may also experience relatively stronger side effects in case of frequent use. Women who think they have been pregnant for a few days or those who may be experiencing unexplained vaginal bleeding should also avoid using ECs, and consult a doctor.

Most emergency contraception pills can be bought from a pharmacy without a prescription if you are older 17. Also, an EC will not protect you from catching sexually transmitted diseases (STD). 

If emergency contraception fails and a woman becomes pregnant, studies show that there are not any significant effects on the baby. Do visit your doctor if you have any concerns regarding this or your use of an EC.